Lactic Acid
gentle exfoliant that smooths skin texture and boosts radiance
Exfoliation &
Skin Firmness
A study published demonstrated that treatment with 12% lactic acid resulted in increased epidermal and dermal firmness and thickness, along with clinical improvement in the appearance of lines and wrinkles.
Hydration &
Skin Barrier Function
Research in Archives of Dermatological Research found that lactic acid enhances ceramide production in keratinocytes, improving stratum corneum lipid levels and barrier function.
Treatment of
Melasma
A study in Dermatologic Surgery evaluated the use of lactic acid as a peeling agent in melasma treatment, showing significant improvement in pigmentation.
Lactic acid is a water-soluble AHA (Alpha-Hydroxy Acid), derived either from milk or plant-based fermentation of sugars. It works by breaking down the bonds between dead skin cells on the skin’s surface, allowing them to slough off more easily. Compared to glycolic acid, lactic acid has a larger molecular structure, which means it penetrates more slowly and is less irritating, making it a go-to option for sensitive skin types.
Unlike many other exfoliants, lactic acid also stimulates ceramide production and increases the skin’s NMFs, helping to improve hydration and strengthen the skin barrier. It is most effective in a pH range of 3.5–4.0. Products within this range will offer exfoliating benefits without excessive irritation.
When it comes to exfoliation, lactic acid is a great ingredient that polishes your skin without pushing it past the brink. This alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) is more than just a skin-smoother—it’s also a hydration booster, pigmentation-fader, and texture-refiner, all rolled into one. If you’re looking for an ingredient that brightens without the burn, read on.
What is Lactic Acid?
Lactic acid is a naturally occurring AHA, traditionally derived from milk but now commonly produced via the fermentation of plant sugars. In skincare, it works by breaking the bonds between dead skin cells, allowing them to shed more easily and making way for a fresher, more radiant complexion.
Thanks to its larger molecular size compared to glycolic acid, it penetrates the skin more slowly, reducing the risk of irritation and making it ideal for sensitive skin.
Key Benefits of Lactic Acid in Skincare
🧴Exfoliates and Smooths Skin Texture
Lactic acid gently dissolves dead skin cells on the surface, revealing smoother skin underneath and helping to reduce dullness, rough patches, and uneven tone.
🌊Boosts Skin Hydration
Unlike many exfoliants that can dry out the skin, it actually increases moisture retention by stimulating the production of natural moisturizing factors (NMFs) like ceramides and lipids.
⚗️Reduces Pigmentation and Evens Tone
Whether it’s melasma, sun spots, or post-acne marks, this ingredient can help fade discoloration over time with consistent use.
☀️Improves Skin’s Natural Radiance
By boosting cell turnover and clearing away dulling surface buildup, it restores your skin’s glow without the redness or peeling associated with stronger exfoliants.
🍀Supports Anti-Aging Goals
Through a combination of exfoliation, hydration, and stimulation of skin renewal, lactic acid helps reduce the appearance of fine lines and promotes firmer, more resilient skin over time.
Who Should Use Lactic Acid?
- Sensitive or dry skin types who want a gentler exfoliating option
- First-time AHA users or those switching from stronger acids
- People with pigmentation issues, uneven tone, or dullness
How to Use Lactic Acid in Your Routine
- Start with a low concentration (5–10%) and use 2–3 times per week.
- Apply in the evening to clean, dry skin.
- Follow with a moisturizer to lock in hydration.
- Don’t forget SPF the next morning—AHAs can make your skin more sensitive to UV.
It may be a gentle exfoliator, but don’t underestimate its power. With regular use, it helps you achieve smoother, brighter, and more hydrated skin—without irritation. For those who want effective exfoliation with added skin-soothing benefits, this AHA checks every box.
